The Dark Side of Governance in Developing Countries: Mapping Multidimensional Governance



Metrics Analysis (Dimensions & PlumX)

Indexing:
Similarity:

© 2026 Syahril Syahril, Eko Priyo Purnomo, Mohammad Eisa Ruhullah, Rahmawati Husein, Tiara Khairunnisa

This study maps the intellectual landscape of research on the dark side of governance in developing countries by examining its evolution, thematic structure, and emerging research directions. A bibliometric analysis was conducted on 256 Scopus-indexed articles published between 2016 and 2026. Bibliographic data were analyzed using Bibliometrix through the Biblioshiny interface in R, covering publication trends, relevant sources, authorship and institutional productivity, geographical distribution, keyword co-occurrence, and thematic mapping. The findings reveal substantial growth in research on the dark side of governance, particularly in recent years, and identify four interconnected thematic clusters: governance, institutions, and development; corruption, accountability, and governance failure; digital governance and transparency reform; and socioeconomic consequences of governance dysfunction. Although corruption remains a prominent theme, its growing links to institutional quality, accountability, digital transformation, and development suggest a broader conceptualization of governance dysfunction. The study concludes that the dark side of governance is increasingly understood as a multidimensional phenomenon encompassing institutional, political, technological, and socioeconomic dimensions. This perspective broadens the conventional good governance approach by highlighting institutional weaknesses, accountability failures, digital risks, and the interaction between formal and informal institutions, while providing a foundation for future research on governance dysfunction in developing countries.

Keywords: Dark side of governance, Governance dysfunction, Institutional theory, Developing countries.

Abdissa, G., Ayalew, A., Dunay, A., & Bálint Illés, C. (2022). Determinants of Sustainable Growth of SMEs in Developing Countries: The Case of Ethiopia. Economies, 10(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10080189

Adams, D., Adams, K., Ullah, S., & Ullah, F. (2019). Globalisation, governance, accountability and the natural resource ‘curse’: Implications for socio-economic growth of oil-rich developing countries. Resources Policy, 61, 128–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2019.02.009

Adams, D., Ullah, S., Akhtar, P., Adams, K., & Saidi, S. (2019). The role of country-level institutional factors in escaping the natural resource curse: Insights from Ghana. Resources Policy, 61, 433–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2018.03.005

Adamu, H., Lutfi, S. L., Malim, N. H. A. H., Hassan, R., Di Vaio, A., & Mohamed, A. S. A. (2021). Framing twitter public sentiment on Nigerian government COVID-19 palliatives distribution using machine learning. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063497

Agbanyo, R., Musah, G., Doku, J. N., Quarshie, J., & Dery, N. Y. (2024). Perceived political corruption and tax compliance intentions among private enterprises in emerging economies: The roles of tax morale and tax tolerance in Ghana. Journal of International Development, 36(4), 2063–2095. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3894

Ahmad, T., Aljafari, R., & Venkatesh, V. (2019). The Government of Jamaica’s electronic procurement system: experiences and lessons learned. Internet Research, 29(6), 1571–1588. https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-02-2019-0044

Ahmed, O. S., Hasan, H. A., Bazool, S. D. S., Mirzaeva, A., & Al-Musawi, O. Y. S. (2025). Fitnah in the Digital Age: Regulating Social Media Misuse Through Islamic Criminal Principles. Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam, 10(2), 535–562. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v10i2.13369

Ahmed, S., Alawattage, C., & Jayasinghe, K. (2026). Mastanocracy: The legitimization of criminal governance and violence in Bangladesh’s garment industry. Human Relations, 79(8), 915–946. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187267251383441

Al-Mulali, U., Aslan, A., & Raboshuk, A. (2026). Uncertain Policies, Unsure Futures? Unraveling the Impact of Policy Shocks on SDG Achievements: A Case Study of 21 Countries. Sustainable Development, 34(3), 3169–3182. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.70505

Alnajdawi, M. H., Aldabbagh, T., Raafat, R., & Aburayya, A. (2025). The Role of Administrative Governance in Enhancing Integrity and Transparency and Reducing Administrative Corruption in Public Institutions: An Analytical Study. International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Production Research, 36(3), 93–106. https://doi.org/10.22068/ijiepr.36.3.2460

Aminova, M., & Jegers, M. (2011). Informal structures and governance processes in transition economies: The case of Uzbekistan. International Journal of Public Administration, 34(9), 579–590. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2011.588436

Amoh, J. K., & Ali-Nakyea, A. (2019). Does corruption cause tax evasion? Evidence from an emerging economy. Journal of Money Laundering Control, 22(2), 217–232. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMLC-01-2018-0001

Amponsah, A. A., Adekoya, A. F., & Weyori, B. A. (2022). Improving the Financial Security of National Health Insurance using Cloud-Based Blockchain Technology Application. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2022.100081

Anders, G., Kanyongolo, F. E., & Seim, B. (2020). Corruption and the impact of law enforcement: Insights from a mixed-methods study in Malawi. Journal of Modern African Studies, 58(3), 315–336. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X2000021X

Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). Bibliometrix: An R tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007

Asamoah, M. K., Ansong, J. D., Mackin, E., Agyekum, B., & Eshun, S. N. (2025). The influence of quality assurance on achieving development education goals. Discover Education, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-025-00694-1

Asongu, S. (2019). FDI in selected developing countries: Evidence from bundling and unbundling governance. European Journal of Government and Economics, 8(2), 161–188. https://doi.org/10.17979/ejge.2019.8.2.4970

Azis, A. P. A. (2021). Economic Democracy and the Quest of Net Neutrality in Indonesia. Lentera Hukum, 8(3), 387–416. https://doi.org/10.19184/ejlh.v8i3.26864

Baig, S., Yenigun, C., & Alam, K. M. (2022). Political Capacity and Corruption Nexus: Re-Examining Evidence for Developing Countries. Economies, 10(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10060127

Bezzina, F., Camilleri, E., & Marmarà, V. (2021). Transparency and Accountability Public Service Reforms. In Public Administration, Governance and Globalization (Vol. 22, pp. 91–104). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74357-4_3

Bogin, B. (2022). Fear, violence, inequality, and stunting in Guatemala. American Journal of Human Biology, 34(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.23627

Bosio, E., Hayman, G., & Dubosse, N. (2023). The Investment Case for E-Government Procurement: A Cost-Benefit Analysis. Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, 14, 81–107. https://doi.org/10.1017/bca.2023.10

Chan, D. W. M., Sarvari, H., Husein, A. A. J. A., Awadh, K. M., Golestanizadeh, M., & Cristofaro, M. (2023). Barriers to Attracting Private Sector Investment in Public Road Infrastructure Projects in the Developing Country of Iran. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021452

Chowdhury, S., Bin Khaled, M. N., Mallick, D., Raghunathan, K., & Rashid, S. (2024). Resilience of Social Transfer Programs to Large Unexpected Shocks. Journal of Development Studies, 60(5), 788–805. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2023.2297644

Dangi, M. R. M., Said, J., Wahid, S. N. S., Ismail, A. H., & Azero, M. A. (2017). The mediating effect of leadership on organizational policy and whistleblowing intention: Evidence from Malaysian GLCs. Advanced Science Letters, 23(8), 7134–7538. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.9516

Dávid-Barrett, E., & Fazekas, M. (2020). Anti-corruption in aid-funded procurement: Is corruption reduced or merely displaced? World Development, 132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105000

Demiroz, F. (2018). Governance in Crisis Management. In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Go.With 294 Figures and 229 Tables (pp. 2849–2853). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20928-9_2893

Digdowiseiso, K., & Sugiyanto, E. (2021). How effective is institutional quality in creating small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia? Economics and Sociology, 14(1), 263–274. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-1/17

Djuraev, I. B., Baratov, A. S., Khujayev, S. A., Yakubova, I. B., Rakhmonova, M. N., Mukumov, B. M., & Abdurakhmanova, N. M. (2025). The Impact of Digitization on Legal Systems in Developing Countries. Qubahan Academic Journal, 5(1), 81–117. https://doi.org/10.48161/qaj.v5n1a1246

Dragusha, B., Bejleri, E., Ulqinaku, S., & Memaj, G. (2026). The Impact of State Regulations on Foreign Direct Investment Flows in the Western Balkans. Journal of Governance and Regulation, 15(1), 251–258. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv15i1art23

Egba, V. N., Ukeje, I. O., Ayanwale, M. A., Robinson, D. F., Ojogbane, R. S., & Akonye, J. E. (2026). Smart urban governance for sustainable cities: integrating artificial intelligence, digitalization, and renewable energy technologies in Nigeria’s public service transformation. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2026.1739482

El Assadi, A., Konate, B. S., & El Assadi, M. (2026). Navigating Institutional Friction: Governance Burdens in Hybrid Systems of Authority. Public Administration and Development. https://doi.org/10.1002/pad.70089

Elahi, K. Q. I. (2009). UNDP on good governance. International Journal of Social Economics, 36(12), 1167–1180. https://doi.org/10.1108/03068290910996981

Enjolras, B. (2026). The Market, the Forum, and the Commons: Institutional Models of Public Management Reform. In Palgrave Studies in Third Sector Research: Vol. Part F2156 (pp. 71–90). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-08001-1_3

Eriqat, I., Badwan, N., Al-Khazaleh, S., & El Shlmani, Z. M. (2025). Financial Inclusion As a Strategy for Income Inequality Reduction and Economic Growth: PLS-SEM Analysis Based on Cross-Country Evidence. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 22(2), 461–490. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.22(2).2025.36

Fagbadebo, O., & Dorasamy, N. (2021). Good governance and the prospect of sustainable growth and development in Africa. In Public Procurement, Corruption and the Crisis of Governance in Africa (pp. 287–303). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63857-3_15

Fazekas, M., & Wachs, J. (2020). Corruption and the network structure of public contracting markets across government change. Politics and Governance, 8(2), 153–166. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v8i2.2707

Fischer, B., & Tello-Gamarra, J. (2017). Institutional quality as a driver of efficiency in laggard innovation systems. Journal Globalization, Competitiveness and Governability, 11(1), 129–144. https://doi.org/10.3232/GCG.2017.V11.N1.06

Giang, M. H., Xuan, T. D., Trung, B. H., Que, M. T., & Yoshida, Y. (2018). Impact of investment climate on total factor productivity of manufacturing firms in Vietnam. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124815

Gomez, M., Perdiguero, J., & Sanz, àlex. (2019). Socioeconomic factors affecting water access in rural areas of low- and middle-income countries. Water (Switzerland), 11(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/w11020202

Güney, T. (2017). Governance and sustainable development: How effective is governance? 1. Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, 26(3), 316–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2016.1249391

Gupta, A., & Sharma, A. K. (2023). The role of institutional and governance factors in public–private partnerships infrastructure investments in emerging economies. Journal of Public Affairs, 23(4). https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2874

Habibov, N., & Cheung, A. (2017). Revisiting informal payments in 29 transitional countries: The scale and socio-economic correlates. Social Science and Medicine, 178, 28–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.02.003

Haddad, T., & Sakr, T. (2023). Interorganizational Relations in Disaster Response in a Developing Context: Assessing Response to the Beirut Explosion. Public Organization Review, 23(3), 1167–1193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-022-00650-9

Haddaway, N. R., Page, M. J., Pritchard, C. C., & McGuinness, L. A. (2022). PRISMA2020: An R package and Shiny app for producing PRISMA 2020-compliant flow diagrams, with interactivity for optimised digital transparency and Open Synthesis. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 18(2), cl2-1230. https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1230

Harun, H., Carter, D., & Suhab, S. (2026). New development: ‘Auditor opinions for sale’—when privatization meets the cultural ecology of corruption. Public Money and Management, 46(4), 482–486. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2024.2421499

Hauser, B. (2022). Democratizing Family Decision-Making. In Wealth of Wisdom: Top Practices for Wealthy Families and Their Advisors (pp. 368–385). wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119827917.ch54

Hoinaru, R., Buda, D., Borlea, S. N., Văidean, V. L., & Achim, M. V. (2020). The impact of corruption and shadow economy on the economic and sustainable development. Do they “sand the wheels” or “grease the wheels”? Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020481

Howe, B. (2025). East Asian Governance: Human Security, Development, and Exceptionalism. In Foreign Policies and Diplomacies in Asia: Changes in Practice, Concepts, and Thinking in a Rising Region (pp. 53–72). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003695899-3

Huss, R. (2020). Our blind spots in the fight against health systems corruption comment on “we need to talk about corruption in health systems.” International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 9(1), 34–38. https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2019.81

Igbinedion, S. A., & Osobase, A. (2025). Grand corruption in the Global South: Legal, political and economic analysis of asset recovery in Nigeria. Journal of Economic Criminology, 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100164

Jameel, A., Asif, M., Hussain, A., Hwang, J., Sahito, N., & Bukhari, M. H. (2019). Assessing the moderating effect of corruption on the e-government and trust relationship: An evidence of an emerging economy. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(23). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236540

Johanson, J. E. (2014). Strategic Governance in Public Agencies. In Governance and Public Management (pp. 268–282). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137336972_18

Kakabadse, N., & Zhang, P. (2026). Why Boards Fail: A Behavioral–Structural Synthesis of Recurrent Governance Breakdowns. Corporate Governance: An International Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/corg.70051

Kawuryan, M. W., Fathani, A. T., Purnomo, E. P., Salsabila, L., Azmi, N. A., Setiawan, D., & Fadhlurrohman, M. I. (2022). Sustainable Tourism Development in Indonesia: Bibliometric Review and Analysis. Indonesian Journal of Geography, 54(1), 154–166. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.64657

Khan, R. E. A., Ahmad, T. I., & Haleem, J. (2021). The governance and Tourism: A case of Developing Countries. Asian Journal of Economic Modelling, 9(3), 199–213. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.8.2021.93.199.213

Kim, S. (2026). The shared blind spot: why diverse AI governance approaches fail for the same reason. AI and Society. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-026-03257-6

Kyei-Poakwah, K., Owusu-Mensah, I., & Adu, E. P. (2026). Party Financing in Ghana: A Case for Regulated Elite Funding. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 61(2), 1040–1054. https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096241303945

Li, B., Xing, X., Xuan, H., & Wang, X. (2017). Zhengdong new district smart government application system construction and its development strategy research. In C. J., Y. L., X. A., & Z. L. (Eds.), MATEC Web of Conferences (Vol. 100). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201710005069

Liu, Y., & Dong, F. (2020). Corruption, economic development and haze pollution: Evidence from 139 global countries. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12093523

Malla, M. H., & Pathranarakul, P. (2022). Fiscal Policy and Income Inequality: The Critical Role of Institutional Capacity. Economies, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10050115

Marchand, S. (2016). The colonial origins of deforestation: An institutional analysis. Environment and Development Economics, 21(3), 318–349. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355770X1500025X

Matlala, L. S. (2025). Why oversight recommendations fail: examining the implementation gap in public service commission recommendations in South Africa. Cogent Social Sciences, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2025.2548016

McCarthy, D., & Brunton-Smith, I. (2024). Attitudes towards the death penalty: An assessment of individual and country-level differences. European Journal of Criminology, 21(1), 116–139. https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708221097670

McCarthy, D., Ho, L. K. ki, Chan, J. K. H., & Brunton-Smith, I. (2025). Understanding public confidence in the police within democratic and authoritarian regimes. Public Administration and Development, 45(1), 32–42. https://doi.org/10.1002/pad.2072

Mia, M. A., Hossain, M. I., & Sangwan, S. (2024). Determinants of digitalization: Evidence from Asia and the Pacific countries. Digital Transformation and Society, 3(4), 340–358. https://doi.org/10.1108/DTS-10-2023-0097

Mugambwa, J., Lixia, T., & Xiuli, X. (2025). Community leadership, policy implementation and rural revitalization in China: perspectives for Africa. Cogent Social Sciences, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2025.2535512

Muhammad, I., Mohd Hasnu, N. N., Ibrahim, M. A., Abdul Hamid, S., & Mohd Hanefah, M. (2022). Trust in Government and Its Determinants: An Empirical Study of Public Acceptability for Carbon Tax in Malaysia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(23). https://doi.org/10.3390/su142315684

Mun, H. W., Hook, L. S., Kun, S. S., Mazlan, N. S., & Ahmad, M. N. N. (2023). Does Government and Institution Quality Matter To Sustainable Development Goals? Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 18(1), 181–197. https://doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2023.01.011

Myers, R., Larson, A. M., Ravikumar, A., Kowler, L. F., Yang, A., & Trench, T. (2018). Messiness of forest governance: How technical approaches suppress politics in REDD+ and conservation projects. Global Environmental Change, 50, 314–324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.02.015

Na, K., Kang, Y. H., & Kim, Y. S. (2018). The effect of corporate governance on the corruption of firms in BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India & China). Social Sciences, 7(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7060085

North, D. C. (1990). Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. In Political Economy of Institutions and Decisions. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511808678

Nugroho, A. D., Cubillos T., J. P., Bopushev, S. T., Bozsik, N., Fehér, I., & Lakner, Z. (2022). Effects of Corruption Control on the Number of Undernourished People in Developing Countries. Foods, 11(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11070924

Omotoye, A. M., & Holtzhausen, N. (2025). Integration of digital technologies in anti-corruption initiatives in Botswana: lessons from Georgia, Ukraine and South Africa. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 19(1), 22–36. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-01-2024-0002

Oyuga, S., Ochieng, E. G., & Ngene, G. (2025). Effect of sovereign risk and debt-side governance on cross-border infrastructure risk premium in a developing nation: The case of Kenya. Development Policy Review, 43(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.70010

Qi, S., & Nguyen, D. D. (2021). Government connections and credit access around the world: Evidence from discouraged borrowers. Journal of International Business Studies, 52(2), 321–333. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-020-00341-x

Rahman, M. H., Naz, R., & Nand, A. (2013). Public Sector Reforms in Fiji: Examining Policy Implementation Setting and Administrative Culture. International Journal of Public Administration, 36(13), 982–995. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2013.773031

Rahman, M. M., & Sultana, N. (2024). Nexus of Human Development and Environmental Quality in Low-Income and Developing Countries: Do Renewable Energy and Good Governance Matter? Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16135382

Reinsberg, B., Kentikelenis, A., & Stubbs, T. (2021). Creating crony capitalism: Neoliberal globalization and the fueling of corruption. Socio-Economic Review, 19(2), 607–634. https://doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwz039

Rosid, A., Evans, C., & Tran-Nam, B. (2018). Tax Non-Compliance and Perceptions of Corruption: Policy Implications for Developing Countries. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 54(1), 25–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2017.1364349

Roziqin, A., Kamil, M., Romadhan, A. A., & Zakaria, I. (2026). The dark side of local public sector innovation: insights from SAMPADE innovation. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 17(2), 256–276. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-01-2024-0001

Ruiz-Cantero, M. T., Guijarro-Garvi, M., Bean, D. R., Martínez-Riera, J. R., & Fernández-Sáez, J. (2019). Governance commitment to reduce maternal mortality. A political determinant beyond the wealth of the countries. Health and Place, 57, 313–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.05.012

Saad Alshehry, A. (2020). The Impact of Corruption on FDI in Some MENA Countries. International Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Accounting, 7(1), 39–45. https://doi.org/10.33094/8.2017.2020.71.39.45

Sandford, M. (2017). Signing up to devolution: the prevalence of contract over governance in English devolution policy. Regional and Federal Studies, 27(1), 63–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/13597566.2016.1254625

Sarabiev, A. V. (2019). Lebanon: An Ordinary “Consociational Democracy” in the Regional Context. Vestnik MGIMO-Universiteta, 12(4), 89–112. https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2019-4-67-89-112

Sarker, M. N. I., Hossin, M. A., Min, W., & Aktaruzzaman, M. (2018). Poverty alleviation of rural people through good governance in Bangladesh. Journal of Social Sciences Research, 4(12), 547–555. https://doi.org/10.32861/jssr.412.547.555

Shittu, I., Saqib, A., Abdul Latiff, A. R., & Baharudin, S. Aisyah. (2024). Energy Subsidies and Energy Access in Developing Countries: Does Institutional Quality Matter? SAGE Open, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271118

Sladić, G., Milosavljević, B., Nikolić, S., Sladić, D., & Radulović, A. (2021). A blockchain solution for securing real property transactions: A case study for Serbia. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10010035

Sovacool, B. K. (2017). Monitoring the moneylenders: Institutional accountability and environmental governance at the World Bank’s Inspection Panel. Extractive Industries and Society, 4(4), 893–903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2017.08.003

Stevens, M., & Gnanaselvam, S. (1995). The World Bank and Governance. IDS Bulletin, 26(2), 97–105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.1995.mp26002011.x

Stoilova, D., & Patonov, N. (2020). Fiscal policy and growth in a small emerging economy: The case of Bulgaria. Society and Economy, 42(4), 386–402. https://doi.org/10.1556/204.2020.00015

Syahril, & Nurmandi, A. (2026). Public Communication in Smart Cities: A Bibliometric Analysis. INJECT (Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication), 11(2), 1495–1528. https://doi.org/10.18326/inject.v11i2.6830

Tambaip, B., Tjilen, A. P., Riyanto, P., & Ohoiwutun, Y. (2026). Organizational Behavior in Responding To Special Autonomy Policy in the Emerging Market: Governance and Regulatory Challenges in a Conflict-Prone Region. Journal of Governance and Regulation, 15(1), 8–19. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv15i1art1

Truby, J. (2020). Governing Artificial Intelligence to benefit the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Sustainable Development, 28(4), 946–959. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2048

Varraich, A. (2014). Corruption: an Umbrella Concept. Aiysha Varraich.

Volkova, A. V., & Kulakova, T. A. (2021). Network, procedural and cognitive components of digital public governance implementation designs: Тhe experience of European countries. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta, Filosofiia i Konfliktologiia, 37(2), 118–135. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2021.110

Wang, L., Zeng, W., Jing, Z., Xu, Y., & Li, J. (2024). Multi-level Hierarchical Structure Analysis of Influencing Factors of Coal Mine Managers’ Blame Avoidance Behavior. Safety and Health at Work, 15(4), 396–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2024.08.001

Wang, Y., Antohi, V. M., Fortea, C., Zlati, M. L., Mohammad, R. A., Abdelkhair, F. Y. F., & Ahmad, W. (2024). Shadow Economy and Environmental Sustainability in Global Developing Countries: Do Governance Indicators Play a Role? Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16229852

Wenzel, D. (2021). Droughts and corruption. Public Choice, 189(1–2), 3–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-020-00843-0

Wu, A. M., Yan, Y., & Vyas, L. (2020). Public sector innovation, e-government, and anticorruption in China and India: Insights from civil servants. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 79(3), 370–385. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8500.12439

Xuan, H. (2025). Exploring the Role of Mineral Resources, Digital Economy and Governance on Sustainable Economic Development: Novel Evidence from Emerging Economies of the Global South. Politicka Ekonomie, 73(5), 778–809. https://doi.org/10.18267/j.polek.1452

Yanguas, P., & Bukenya, B. (2016). ‘New’ approaches confront ‘old’ challenges in African public sector reform. Third World Quarterly, 37(1), 136–152. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2015.1086635

Yassin, B. M., Elfiky, F., & El Nimer, N. (2020). The Role of Institutional Determinants in Attracting Foreign Direct Investment to Egypt: Empirical Study. FWU Journal of Social Sciences, 14(3), 54–69. https://doi.org/10.51709/fw1272j/fall2020/5

Zhanbozova, A., Azatbek, T., & Myrzakhmet, M. (2024). Assessing the impact of institutional environment quality on the development of e-commerce in developed and developing countries. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 22(3), 326–340. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.22(3).2024.26

Zhang, E. Y. (2024). A Transcultural Understanding of Good Governance. In An East-West Dialogue on Good Governance: Learning from Each Other (pp. 217–220). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7263-6_18

Zhang, Z., Zhang, G., Hu, Y., Jiang, Y., Zhou, C., & Ma, J. (2023). The evolutionary mechanism of haze collaborative governance: novel evidence from a tripartite evolutionary game model and a case study in China. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01555-8

Zhu, B. (2017). MNCs, Rents, and Corruption: Evidence from China. American Journal of Political Science, 61(1), 84–99. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12259

Ziya, A., Guo, X., & Raza, S. A. (2024). Role of Corruption and Governance Quality on Green Electricity Transition: Learning Through the Lens of Economic Complexity and Sustainability. Politicka Ekonomie, 72(2), 375–402. https://doi.org/10.18267/j.polek.1439

Zumofen, R., Kakpovi, B. G., & Mabillard, V. (2022). Outcomes of government digitization and effects on accountability in Benin. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 16(3), 305–317. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-10-2021-0173

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The copyright is reserved to Bulletin of Social Studies and Community Development that is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Address:

CV. IMRECS: Jalan Gagak I, Kecamatan Larangan, Kota Tangerang. Postal Code: 15155

STKIP Al Islam Tunas Bangsa: Jalan Z.A. Pagar Alam No. 41 Gedong Meneng Bandar Lampung